Biomarkers are biological characteristics that can be used to indicate health or disease. This
paper reviews studies on biomarkers of low back pain (LBP) in human subjects. LBP is the …

Female sex hormones play an important role in the etiology and pathophysiology of a variety
of musculoskeletal degenerative diseases. Postmenopausal women show accelerated disc …

Objective To describe the epidemiologic characteristics and associations with increased
health care utilization in US adults with chronic low back pain (LBP). Methods The National …

Neck pain is the fourth leading cause of disability. 1 Adult population (ages 15–74 years)
shows a point prevalence ranging from 5.9% 2 to 38.7%. 3 The 1-year prevalence of neck …

Background Previous research has investigated utilization rates, who sees chiropractors, for
what reasons, and the type of care that chiropractors provide. However, these studies have …

Objective To provide a single source for the best available estimates of the US prevalence of
and number of individuals affected by osteoarthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The economic burden of low back pain (LBP) is very large and
appears to be growing. It is not possible to impact this burden without understanding the …

Background The relation between abnormalities in the lumbar spine and low back pain is
controversial. We examined the prevalence of abnormal findings on magnetic resonance …

Objective To provide a single source for the best available estimates of the national
prevalence of arthritis in general and of selected musculoskeletal disorders (osteoarthritis …

Persistent pain interfering with daily activities is common. Chronic pain has been defined in
many ways. Chronic pain syndrome is a separate entity from chronic pain. Chronic pain is …