Life is a cyclical chemical process that is regulated in four dimensions. We distinguish parts
of the cycle: development describes the changes from single cell to adult, and aging the …

▪ Abstract In mammals, a master circadian “clock” resides in the suprachiasmatic nuclei
(SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus. The SCN clock is composed of multiple, single-cell …

We determined that two mouse cryptochrome genes, mCry1 and mCry2, act in the negative
limb of the clock feedback loop. In cell lines, mPER proteins (alone or in combination) have …

Many biochemical, physiological and behavioural processes show circadian rhythms which
are generated by an internal time-keeping mechanism referred to as the biological clock …

The circadian clock is a widespread cellular mechanism that underlies diverse rhythmic
functions in organisms from bacteria and fungi, to plants and animals. Intense genetic …

Circadian rhythms govern a remarkable variety of metabolic and physiological functions.
Accumulating epidemiological and genetic evidence indicates that the disruption of …

▪ Abstract During the past decade, the molecular mechanisms underlying the mammalian
circadian clock have been defined. A core set of circadian clock genes common to most cells …

The role of mPer1 and mPer2 in regulating circadian rhythms was assessed by disrupting
these genes. Mice homozygous for the targeted allele of either mPer1 or mPer2 had …

We examined the transcriptional regulation of the clock-controlled arginine vasopressin
gene in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). A core clock mechanism in mouse SCN appears …

The tau mutation is a semidominant autosomal allele that dramatically shortens period
length of circadian rhythms in Syrian hamsters. We report the molecular identification of the …