Traditionally, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of flow using phase contrast (PC) methods
is accomplished using methods that resolve single‐directional flow in two spatial …

▪ Abstract Blood flow in arteries is dominated by unsteady flow phenomena. The
cardiovascular system is an internal flow loop with multiple branches in which a complex …

Background Phase contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is able to measure
all three directional components of the velocities of blood flow relative to the three spatial …

Through cardiac looping during embryonic development, paths of flow through the mature
heart have direction changes and asymmetries whose topology and functional significance …

Heart valves (HVs) are cardiac structures whose physiological function is to ensure directed
blood flow through the heart over the cardiac cycle. While primarily passive structures that …

Objectives: The aims of this study were to: 1) assess the feasibility of left ventricular (LV)
vortex flow analysis using contrast echocardiography (CE); and 2) characterize and quantify …

Blood flow patterns are closely linked to the morphology and function of the cardiovascular
system. These patterns reflect the exceptional adaptability of the cardiovascular system to …

Background Although MRI can discriminate the lipid core from the collagenous cap of
atherosclerotic lesions in vitro with T2 contrast, it has not yet produced detailed in vivo …

I review the concept of optimal vortex formation and examine its relevance to propulsion in
biological and bio-inspired systems, ranging from the human heart to underwater vehicles …

Transcatheter mitral interventions has been developed to address an unmet clinical need
and may be an alternative therapeutic option to surgery with the intent to provide …