In order to investigate the effect of intermittent mild cold stimulation (IMCS) on immune
function of spleens and adaptability to cold stress in broilers, 400 healthy 1-day-old Ross …

This study aims to assess the effect of intermittent and mild cold stimulation (IMCS) on
thymus function and the ability of 1-day-old male Ross 308 broilers to withstand cold. Four …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an ancient family of genes encoding transmembrane proteins
that bind pathogen-specific molecules and initiate both innate and adaptive aspects of the …

Native chicken in India assumes a significant role in contemplating rural economy. The local
birds play a major role in providing subsidiary income and nutritional security to the people …

Background Toll-like receptors (TLR) are essential activators of the innate part of the
vertebrate immune system. In this study, we analysed the interspecific variability of three …

Simple Summary Cold stress has an adverse effect on immune, antioxidant, and
neuroendocrine systems as well as growth performance of broilers. Much attention was …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the best understood of the innate immune receptors that detect
infections in vertebrates. However, the fish TLRs also exhibit very distinct features and a …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a cornerstone of vertebrate innate immunity. In this study, we
identified orthologues of TLR4, TLR5 and TLR7 (representing both bacterial-and viral …

Sažetak Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the most studied group of pathogen recognition
receptor categories that detects infectious agents in vertebrates. Fish TLRs exhibit clear …

Prevention and control mechanisms against different virus infections in poultry species is
one of the biggest concern present in poultry industry. The continuous evolving nature and …