Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is a new kind of digital technology that increases its attention
across academia, government, and industry sectors and covers a wide range of applications …

Nowadays, the use of renewable generations, energy storage systems (ESSs) and
microgrids (MGs) has been developed due to better controllability of distributed energy …

The integration of advanced Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the
conventional electric power grid is evolving into a Cyber-Physical Power System (CPPS) …

Internet of Things (IoT) is a terminology used for a mixed connection of heterogeneous
objects to the internet and to each other with the employment of recent technological and …

Urban multi-energy systems (UMES) incorporating distributed energy resources are vital to
future low-carbon energy systems. These systems demand complex solutions, including …

Cyber–physical–social system (CPSS) is a novel emerging paradigm that offers innovative
services through the in‐depth building of smart cities, which are tightly fused with the human …

The increasing number of electric vehicles (EVs) has led to the growing need to establish EV
charging infrastructures (EVCIs) with fast charging capabilities to reduce congestion at the …

The development of smart energy systems using the principles of Industry 4.0 to energize
smart cities is of significant interest. On the other hand, digital twin systems are gaining …

The employment of IoTs in smart energy systems enables a wide range of applications that
cuts across various areas of an energy system. With an array of benefits that includes the …

Cyber‐physical systems (CPSs) are embodied systems of highly unified computational,
control and communicational elements tightly fused with the physical world. Normally, CPSs …