With the advent of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), new, high-throughput serial
crystallography techniques for macromolecular structure determination have emerged …

BACKGROUND The harvesting of photons is the first step in photosynthesis, the biological
process that transforms solar energy into chemical energy. The photosynthetic membranes …

In natural photosynthesis, the light-driven splitting of water into electrons, protons and
molecular oxygen forms the first step of the solar-to-chemical energy conversion process …

Photosynthesis fuels life on Earth by storing solar energy in chemical form. Today's oxygen-
rich atmosphere has resulted from the splitting of water at the protein-bound manganese …

Photosynthetic water oxidation by Photosystem II (PSII) is a fascinating process because it
sustains life on Earth and serves as a blue print for scalable synthetic catalysts required for …

BACKGROUND Conformational changes are essential for the correct functioning of
biological macromolecules. Time-resolved x-ray crystallography extends an extremely …

Oxygen evolution and reduction reactions are fundamental processes in biological energy
conversion schemes, which represent an attractive method for artificial energy conversion …

Converting solar energy to fuels has attracted substantial interest over the past decades
because it has the potential to sustainably meet the increasing global energy demand …

The development of clean sustainable energy technologies has been significantly promoted
by advances in electrocatalysts, especially for low‐dimensional metallic nanomaterials …

Photosynthetic water oxidation is catalyzed by the Mn4CaO5 cluster of photosystem II (PSII)
with linear progression through five S-state intermediates (S0 to S4). To reveal the …