In a high-performance sports environment, athletes can present with low energy availability
(LEA) for a variety of reasons, ranging from not consuming enough food for their specific …

Athletes should pay more attention to their bone health, whether this relates to their longer-
term bone health (eg risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis) or their shorter-term risk of bony …

The female athlete triad (Triad) refers to the interrelationships among energy availability,
menstrual function, and bone mineral density, which may have clinical manifestations …

To investigate the dependence of LH pulsatility on energy availability (dietary energy intake
minus exercise energy expenditure), we measured LH pulsatility after manipulating the …

Background Disruptions in hypothalamic–gonadal and other endocrine axes due to energy
deficits are associated with low levels of the adipocyte-secreted hormone leptin and may …

Injuries are an inevitable consequence of athletic performance with most athletes sustaining
one or more during their athletic careers. As many as one in 12 athletes incur an injury …

To help refine nutritional guidelines for military servicewomen, we assessed bone turnover
after manipulating the energy availability of 29 young women. Bone formation was impaired …

Objective: To review recent advances in understanding the role of leptin in the physiology
and pathophysiology of reproduction, with a focus on relevant clinical situations. Design: A …

Background The short-term effects of low energy availability (EA) on bone metabolism in
physically active women and men are currently unknown. Purpose We evaluated the effects …

Leptin is an adipocyte-secreted hormone that plays a key part in energy homoeostasis.
Advances in leptin physiology have established that the main role of this hormone is to …