This article was updated on May 11, 2016, because of a previous error. On page 421, in the
legend for Figure 5-A, two of the lines identifying the Schöttle point were mislabeled. The …

Recurrent patellar instability can result from osseous abnormalities, such as patella alta, a
distance of> 20 mm between the tibial tubercle and the trochlear groove, and trochlear …

Patellar instability is a common, debilitating injury that typically affects young active
individuals, 1 and can result in significant limitations of activity 2, 3 and long-term arthritis. 4 …

Background: An incorrect femoral tunnel position or inappropriate graft tensioning during
medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction may cause altered patellofemoral …

Background The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the primary restraint to extreme
lateral displacement and is typically disrupted with an acute lateral patellar dislocation …

In patients with chronic patellofemoral instability who have normal alignment and deficient
proximal medial restraints, medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is a good …

Background: The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the primary passive restraint to
lateral patellar dislocation and there is increasing awareness of its role in recurrent lateral …

Purpose The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the major medial soft-tissue stabiliser
of the patella, originating from the medial femoral condyle and inserting onto the medial …

Background: The management of adolescents with acute first-time patellar dislocation with
an associated loose body remains a debated topic. The rate of recurrent dislocation in these …

Background Increased internal femoral torsion is regarded as a risk factor for patellar
instability. Biomechanical investigations confirming this hypothesis are missing. Methods …