With the constant threat of emergence of a novel influenza virus pandemic, there must be
continued evaluation of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to virulence. Although the …

Treatment of neurodegenerative diseases or other central nervous system (CNS) disorders
has always been a significant challenge. The nature of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits …

Central nervous system (CNS) disorders (eg, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, etc.)
represent a growing public health issue, primarily due to the increased life expectancy and …

Abstract Background Influenza A virus (IAV) neuraminidase (NA) cleaves sialic acids (Sias)
from glycans. Inhibiting NA with oseltamivir suppresses both viral infection, and viral release …

Moisture-associated skin damage (MASD) is caused by prolonged exposure to various
sources of moisture, including urine or stool, perspiration, wound exudate, mucus, saliva …

Flagella beating in complex fluids are significantly influenced by viscoelastic stresses.
Relevant examples include the ciliary transport of respiratory airway mucus and the motion …

Airway mucus constitutes a thin layer of airway surface liquid with component
macromolecules that covers the luminal surface of the respiratory tract. The major function of …

Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most frequent intensive care unit (ICU)-related
infection in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. In contrast to other ICU-related …

Swine influenza virus (SIV) has a strong tropism for pig respiratory mucosa, which consists
of a mucus layer, epithelium, basement membrane and lamina propria. Sialic acids present …

Nutritional practices that promote good health and optimal athletic performance are of
interest to athletes, coaches, exercise scientists and dietitians. Probiotic supplements …