An increased risk of cardiovascular disease, independent of conventional risk factors, is
present even at minor levels of renal impairment and is highest in patients with end-stage …

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease is a growing health burden world wide. Traditional and
mutual risk factors between CVD and CKD are age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complex condition with a prevalence of 10–15%
worldwide. An inverse-graded relationship exists between cardiovascular events and …

Cardiovascular diseases represent the main causes of morbidity and mortality in patients
with chronic kidney disease (CKD). According to a well-established classification …

Cardiac dysfunction in CKD is characterized by aberrant cardiac remodeling with
hypertrophy and fibrosis. CKD is a state of severe systemic Klotho deficiency, and …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ESRD, treated with conventional hemo-or peritoneal
dialysis are both associated with a high prevalence of an increase in left ventricular mass …

Heart disease accounts for approximately half of the deaths of patients with ESRD (1–3). In
the past 5 yr, there has been increasing recognition of both coronary artery disease (CAD) …

Patients with end stage renal failure (ESRF) have an increased risk of premature
cardiovascular disease. Left ventricular (LV) abnormalities, so called 'uremic …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for patients receiving hemodialysis.
Since exercise mitigates many risk factors which drive cardiovascular disease for these …

Chronic kidney disease patient's progression to end-stage renal disease as well as their
high mortality are linked to cardiovascular disease. However, the high incidence rate of …