Electronic supplementary material Studies of stroke patients undergoing robot-assisted
rehabilitation have revealed various kinematic parameters describing movement quality of …

Background: Handwriting is an important activity for people of all ages. Handwriting is
frequently affected after stroke and other neurological conditions. However, research on the …

The degrees of freedom problem is often posed by asking which of the many possible
degrees of freedom does the nervous system control? By implication, other degrees of …

Abstract Grasso, R., L. Bianchi, and F. Lacquaniti. Motor patterns for human gait: backward
versus forward locomotion. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 1868–1885, 1998. Seven healthy subjects …

1. The accuracy with which subjects pointed to targets in extrapersonal space was assessed
under a variety of experimental conditions. 2. When subjects pointed in the dark to …

Synergies are thought to be the building blocks of vertebrate movements. The inability to
execute synergies in properly timed and graded fashion precludes adequate functional …

We studied the changes of vertical contact forces, lower limb kinematics, and
electromyographic activity (EMG) at different speeds and gravitational loads. To this end …

Submovements are hypothesized to be discrete building blocks of human movement.
Changes in their parameters appear to account for features observed in processes of motor …

The aim of this study was to identify the cerebral areas activated during kinematic
processing of movement trajectories. We measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) …

In order to move, we must know'where'to go and'how'to get there. Since limb movement
unfolds simultaneously m the space extrinsic to the subject ('where'to go) and in the intrinsic …