The authors provide an analytical review of the past 115 years of scholarship on race,
ethnicity, and religion. Too often work in the study of race and ethnicity has not taken the …

Scholars across disciplines have argued that race and religion are co‐constituted in part
because of their historical relationship. The concept of racialization, particularly as it is …

Historians are increasingly studying lynching outside of the American Southeast, but
sociologists have been slow to follow. We introduce a new public data set that extends …

The literature on ethnic fractionalization and conflict has yet to be extended to the American
past. In particular, the empirical relationship between racial residential segregation and …

We provide evidence on the link between lynchings and a range of political and economic
outcomes for Black Americans. We show that lynchings are related to racial and political …

This article presents a theoretical framework of how intergroup violence may figure into the
activation and maintenance of group categories, boundaries, and identities, as well as the …

How do moral beliefs influence favorability to collective violence? In this article, I argue that,
first, moral beliefs are influential depending on their salience, as harm avoidance is a …

Research shows enduring impacts of lynching on a variety of modern outcomes. For
instance, Messner, Baller, and Zevenbergen found that lynching is associated with …

How does violence become publicly unacceptable? I address this question in the context of
lynching in the United States. Between 1880 and the 1930s, public discourse about lynching …

Lynching remains a common form of collective punishment for alleged wrongdoers in Latin
America, Africa, and Asia today. Unlike other kinds of collective violence, lynching is usually …