The design and function of leaf venation are important to plant performance, with key
implications for the distribution and productivity of ecosystems, and applications in …

Poaceae (the grasses) is arguably the most successful plant family, in terms of its global
occurrence in (almost) all ecosystems with angiosperms, its ecological dominance in many …

Plant phenotyping forms the core of crop breeding, allowing breeders to build on
physiological traits and mechanistic science to inform their selection of material for crossing …

C4 photosynthesis is one of the most convergent evolutionary phenomena in the biological
world, with at least 66 independent origins. Evidence from these lineages consistently …

The origins and development of the arid and highly seasonal steppe-desert biome in Central
Asia, the largest of its kind in the world, remain largely unconstrained by existing records. It …

Fifty years ago, the C4 photosynthetic pathway was first characterized. In the subsequent
five decades, much has been learned about C4 plants, such that it is now possible to place …

The rate of CO 2 assimilation by plants is directly influenced by the concentration of CO 2 in
the atmosphere, ca. As an environmental variable, ca also has a unique global and historic …

Leaf hydraulic supply is crucial to maintaining open stomata for CO2 capture and plant
growth. During drought-induced dehydration, the leaf hydraulic conductance (K leaf) …

The geological record preserves evidence for two fundamental stages in the evolution of
Earth's biosphere, a microbial stage from~ 3.5 to 0.65 Ga, and a metazoan stage evident by …

Clarifying the evolution and mechanisms for photosynthetic productivity is a key to both
improving crops and understanding plant evolution and habitat distributions. Current theory …