Termination of mRNA translation occurs when a stop codon enters the A site of the
ribosome, and in eukaryotes is mediated by release factors eRF1 and eRF3, which form a …

The eukaryotic translation factor eIF5A, originally identified as an initiation factor, was later
shown to promote translation elongation of iterated proline sequences. Using a combination …

Protein synthesis is an energetically costly cellular activity. It is therefore important that the
process of mRNA translation remains in excellent synchrony with cellular metabolism and its …

The mitochondrial translation machinery highly diverged from its bacterial counterpart. This
includes deviation from the universal genetic code, with AGA and AGG codons lacking …

Synthetic mRNA technology is a promising avenue for treating and preventing disease. Key
to the technology is the incorporation of modified nucleotides such as N1 …

Many antibiotics stop bacterial growth by inhibiting different steps of protein synthesis.
However, no specific inhibitors of translation termination are known. Proline-rich …

Upon encountering a stop codon in the aminoacyl site (A site) of the mRNA translating
ribosome, the ribosome recruits a class-1 release factor (RF), which induces hydrolysis of …

Structural studies of translating ribosomes traditionally rely on in vitro assembly and stalling
of ribosomes in defined states. To comprehensively visualize bacterial translation, we …

Abstract Free L-tryptophan (L-Trp) stalls ribosomes engaged in the synthesis of TnaC, a
leader peptide controlling the expression of the Escherichia coli tryptophanase operon …

Polyamines are essential metabolites that play an important role in cell growth, stress
adaptation and microbial virulence,–. To survive and multiply within a human host …