Polyamide (PA) thin-film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF)
membranes are the core elements for the membrane-based desalination technologies …

The development of thin-film nanocomposite (TFNC) membranes utilizing nanoparticles
present remarkable opportunity in the desalination industry. This review offers a …

Understanding the salt–water separation mechanisms of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes
is critical for the further development and optimization of RO technology. The solution …

Water reuse is an effective option all over the world for saving water resources, reducing
environmental impacts, and reducing the costs and energy involved in water resource …

Interfacial polymerization (IP) has been deemed as the principal strategy to fabricate thin film
composite (TFC) nanofiltration (NF) membranes. However, the separation performances of …

Commercial membranes typically suffer from fouling and wetting during membrane
distillation (MD). In contrast, reverse osmosis (RO) can be subject to the fouling issue if …

Perceiving the actuality, that clean water, along with potable water, is burgeoning worldwide
owing to numerous reasons. Indeed, a possible choice should bring into being to crop up …

The increasing demand for global energy consumption expedites major opportunities for the
innovation of green energy technologies. Addressing the issue of sustainable energy is …

Demand for a cost-effective and energy-efficient technology to supply fresh water from saline
water has led to the development of ultra-low-pressure RO (ULPRO). The ULPRO provides …

As a sustainable, cost-effective and energy-efficient method, membranes are becoming a
progressively vital technique to solve the problem of the scarcity of freshwater resources …