Brain tissue has a remarkable ability to accumulate glutamate. This ability is due to
glutamate transporter proteins present in the plasma membranes of both glial cells and …

Bilirubin toxicity remains a significant problem despite recent advances in the care of
jaundiced (hyperbilirubinemic) neonates. A recent surge in reported cases of classical …

Bilirubin is the end product of heme catabolism formed during a process that involves
oxidation-reduction reactions and conserves iron body stores. Unconjugated …

Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB), at slightly elevated unbound concentrations, is toxic to
astrocytes and neurons, damaging mitochondria (causing impaired energy metabolism and …

Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is a common condition in the first week of postnatal life.
Although generally harmless, some neonates may develop very high levels of unconjugated …

Kernicterus is a devastating, chronic disabling neurological disorder whose central nervous
system (CNS) sequelae reflect both a predilection of bilirubin toxicity for neurons (rather than …

Increased levels of unconjugated bilirubin, the end-product of heme catabolism, are
detrimental to the central nervous system. To examine the role of apoptosis in bilirubin …

The causes of obstructive jaundice are varied, but it is most commonly due to
choledocholithiasis; benign strictures of the biliary tract; pancreaticobiliary malignancies; …

Abstract Purpose of Review Hyperbilirubinemia is commonly seen in neonates. Though
hyperbilirubinemia is typically asymptomatic, severe elevation of bilirubin levels can lead to …

Revised concepts of bilirubin encephalopathy have been revealed by studies of bilirubin
toxicity in cultured CNS cells and in congenitally jaundiced Gunn rats. Bilirubin neurotoxicity …