Understanding the vulnerability of marine calcifiers to ocean acidification is a critical issue,
especially in the Southern Ocean (SO), which is likely to be the one of the first, and most …

Important findings from the second decade of the 21st century on the impact of
environmental change on biological processes in the Antarctic were synthesised by 26 …

The polar regions, notably the Arctic and maritime Antarctic, are experiencing impacts from
climate change at magnitudes and rates that are among the highest in the world, and will …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

The Southern Ocean is disproportionately important in its effect on the Earth system,
impacting climatic, biogeochemical, and ecological systems, which makes recent observed …

Solar radiation represents a key abiotic factor in the evolution of life in the oceans. In
general, marine, biota—particularly in euphotic and dysphotic zones—depends directly or …

Polar marine regions are facing rapid changes induced by climate change, with
consequences for local faunal populations, but also for overall ecosystem functioning, goods …

Knowledge of life on the Southern Ocean seafloor has substantially grown since the
beginning of this century with increasing ship-based surveys and regular monitoring sites …

Here, we present radiative forcing (RF) estimates by snow algae in the Antarctic Peninsula
(AP) region from multi-year measurements of solar radiation and ground-based …

Systematic long-term studies on ecosystem dynamics are largely lacking from the East
Antarctic Southern Ocean, although it is well recognized that they are indispensable to …