Ancient genomes provide a tool to investigate the genetic basis of adaptations in extinct
organisms. However, the identification of species-specific fixed genetic variants requires the …

The discovery in the 1980's that DNA could be extracted and sequenced from extinct
animals opened-up a whole new area of research in paleobiology. The oldest authenticated …

The preservation of cell nuclei in deep time is an area of research that is largely unexplored,
likely because of the assumption that fine intracellular organelles are too fragile to enter the …

ABSTRACT DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are a serious form of DNA damage that can
cause genetic mutation. On the induction of DSBs, histone H2AX becomes phosphorylated …

Reports of preserved cells and other soft tissues in ancient vertebrates, including dinosaurs,
have been met with controversy within the field of vertebrate palaeontology. To explain such …

Human societies increasingly interact with processes on a geological or even cosmic
timescale. Despite this recognition, we still lack a basic understanding of these …

Woolly mammoths had a set of adaptations that enabled them to thrive in the Arctic
environment. Many mammoth-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) responsible …

Exploring one of the greatest potential contributors to climate change—thawing permafrost—
and the anxiety of extinction on an increasingly hostile planet Climate scientists point to …

The mouse is the most extensively used mammalian laboratory species in biology and
medicine because of the ready availability of a wide variety of defined genetic and gene …

During development and differentiation, histone modifications dynamically change locally
and globally, associated with transcriptional regulation, DNA replication and repair, and …