Ancient genomes provide a tool to investigate the genetic basis of adaptations in extinct
organisms. However, the identification of species-specific fixed genetic variants requires the …

Interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) has the capacity to rescue endangered
species, ethically produce human embryonic stem cells, and allow for more specific analysis …

The discovery in the 1980's that DNA could be extracted and sequenced from extinct
animals opened-up a whole new area of research in paleobiology. The oldest authenticated …

Analyses of ancient DNA typically involve sequencing the surviving short oligonucleotides
and aligning to genome assemblies from related, modern species. Here, we report that skin …

ABSTRACT DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are a serious form of DNA damage that can
cause genetic mutation. On the induction of DSBs, histone H2AX becomes phosphorylated …

During development and differentiation, histone modifications dynamically change locally
and globally, associated with transcriptional regulation, DNA replication and repair, and …

Human societies increasingly interact with processes on a geological or even cosmic
timescale. Despite this recognition, we still lack a basic understanding of these …

The preservation of cell nuclei in deep time is an area of research that is largely unexplored,
likely because of the assumption that fine intracellular organelles are too fragile to enter the …

Reports of preserved cells and other soft tissues in ancient vertebrates, including dinosaurs,
have been met with controversy within the field of vertebrate palaeontology. To explain such …

As our understanding of neurobiology has progressed, molecular analyses are often
performed on small brain areas such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) or nucleus …