The direct interactions between people and nature are critically important in many ways, with
growing attention particularly on their impacts on human health and wellbeing (both positive …

Shifts in species distributions are a common ecological response to climate change, and
global temperature rise is often hypothesized as the primary driver. However, the directions …

Tourism is important in that protected areas (PAs) provide cultural ecosystem services.
However, interactions between humans and nature, between stakeholders, and between …

The technology-driven application of big data is expected to assist policymaking towards
sustainable development; however, the relevant literature has not addressed human welfare …

The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do
not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO and UNEP …

Managing conflict between tourism development and ecological protection is one of the
challenges facing Protected Areas (PAs). Conflict tendency analysis could help to inform …

Urban parks became critical for maintaining the well-being of urban residents during the
COVID-19 global pandemic. To examine the impact of COVID-19 on urban park usage, we …

Camping is a nature-based tourism activity where individuals spend one or more night away
from home in an outdoor setting. Inherent in the definition are time and space, as well as …

Camping is a salient economic contributor to nature-based tourism that is also beholden to
the natural environment. Climate resources are the combination of naturally occurring …

Disturbance to ecosystems in parks and protected areas from nature-based tourism and
recreation is increasing in scale and severity, as are the impacts of climate change—but …