Mars has been subject to repeated waxing and waning episodes of extreme chaotic
obliquity (axial tilting) for at least four billion years. Obliquity is currently at 25.19 degrees …

Statistical comparisons were made between various 'tube-like'structures photographed on
Mars by Curiosity and Opportunity rovers in Gale and Endurance craters respectively and …

Vesicular rocks and thick clumps of green-colored matter photographed in Utopia Planitia
and Chryse Planitia by NASA's Viking landers were subject to morphological and …

Rocks with numerous deep concave holes similar to trace fossils fashioned by mollusks
have been photographed by Viking 2 in Utopia Planitia and the rover Perseverance in the …

It has been known since the 1976 Viking Labeled Release Experiments that there may be
life on Mars. In 1996 fossilized biological and chemical residue discovered in Martian …

Fungal reproductive behavior, the growth of hyphae and mycelium, and the production of
spores, on Earth and Mars, are reviewed. Spherical specimens that nearly 70 experts have …

Unusual horizontal protrusions were photographed on rocks in Gale crater, Mars by the
Curiosity rover 'Mastcam'and 'ChemCam'between sol 3786 and 3800. These protrusions …

Ten ovoid life-like specimens, less than a cm in size, that appear to possess forward facing
eyes and multi-tentacled pleopod-pareiopod-like appendages have been photographed by …

An array of formations resembling the fossilized remains of Ediacaran and Cambrian fauna
and other marine organisms have been observed embedded atop sediments in the dried …

We evaluate claims for extraterrestrial intelligence based on the logic behind assertions
such as the absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. To assess intelligence …