Alongside the liver, white adipose tissue (WAT) is critical in regulating systemic energy
homeostasis. Although each organ has its specialised functions, they must work …

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a cytokine best known for affecting systemic
energy metabolism through its anorectic action. GDF15 expression and secretion from …

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) are
established as stress-responsive cytokines that can modulate energy balance by increasing …

Adipose tissue signals to brain, liver, and muscles to control whole body metabolism through
secreted lipid and protein factors as well as neurotransmission, but the mechanisms …

As a metabolic organ, adipose tissue plays an important role in regulating metabolism. In
adults, most adipose tissue is white adipose tissue (WAT), and excessive expansion of WAT …

The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is composed of 18 secreted signaling proteins
consisting of canonical FGFs and endocrine FGFs that activate four receptor tyrosine …

Tumors employ diverse strategies for immune evasion. Unraveling the mechanisms by
which tumors suppress anti-tumor immunity facilitates the development of immunotherapies …

Skeletal muscle and adipose tissues (ATs) are secretory organs that release secretory
factors including cytokines and exosomes. These factors mediate muscle–adipose crosstalk …

The discovery and rejuvenation of metabolically active brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adult
humans have offered a new approach to treat obesity and metabolic diseases. Beyond its …

The molecular mechanisms underlying diet-induced obesity are complex and remain
unclear. The activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a xenobiotic sensor, by …