Data assimilation (DA) methods for convective‐scale numerical weather prediction at
operational centres are surveyed. The operational methods include variational methods (3D …

Representation of clouds in convection‐permitting models is sensitive to numerical weather
prediction (NWP) model parameters that are often very crudely known (for example …

For ensemble data assimilation, background error covariance should account for sampling
and model errors. There are a number of approaches that have been developed that try to …

To account for model error on multiple scales in convective‐scale data assimilation, we
incorporate the small‐scale additive noise based on random samples of model truncation …

For numerical discretization schemes, the violation of enstrophy conservation causes a
systematic and unrealistic energy cascade towards high wave numbers. The same occurs in …