Importance Overt hyperthyroidism, defined assuppressed thyrotropin (previously thyroid-
stimulating hormone) and high concentration of triiodothyronine (T 3) and/or free thyroxine …

The restless legs syndrome is a common disorder that encompasses an idiopathic form of
genetic or unknown origin and symptomatic forms associated with many causes …

Insomnia represents a significant public health burden, with a 10% prevalence in the
general population. Reduced sleep affects social and working functioning, productivity, and …

Background Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological disorder. Growing
evidence shows that dopaminergic dysfunction and iron deficiency are associated with the …

Objective Sleep disturbance is a common problem in the general population. Sleep
deprivation or dysfunction can have profound health consequences. However, how sleep …

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a gastrointestinal condition characterized by
abnormal colonization of bacteria in the small intestine, leading to overgrowth and alteration …

Resting-state fMRI studies have shown that multiple functional networks, which consist of
distributed brain regions that share synchronised spontaneous activity, co-exist in the brain …

Abstract Background Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient, but inadequate or
excess Mn intake can have a detrimental impact on human health. Despite the essentiality …

Sleep disorders (SDs) represent an important issue in patients with craniopharyngioma
(CP). Nearly 70% of these patients complain of sleep-wake cycle alterations and/or …

This review is intended to provide an updated summary of, but not limited to, classification,
etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for insomnia disorder. The severity of …