Environmental risk factors that have an impact on the ocular surface were reviewed and
associations with age and sex, race/ethnicity, geographical area, seasonality, prevalence …

Many factors in the domains of mental, physical, and social health have been associated
with various ocular surface diseases, with most of the focus centered on aspects of dry eye …

Purpose To investigate the prevalence of dry eye among all adult age categories and to
discover independent risk factors by investigating a wide range of etiological categories …

The word “elective” refers to medications and procedures undertaken by choice or with a
lower grade of prioritization. Patients usually use elective medications or undergo elective …

Societal factors associated with ocular surface diseases were mapped using a framework to
characterize the relationship between the individual, their health and environment. The …

Dry eye disease is one of the most common ophthalmic complaints; it results from the activity
of various pathways and is considered a multifactorial disease. An important factor that …

Purpose To estimate the prevalence of symptomatic dry eye disease (DED) and investigate
its associated risk factors in the Lebanese population. Methods Population-based cross …

Active tobacco smoking, passive smoking, and e-cigarette smoking have been associated
with different systemic and ocular diseases. The precorneal tear film plays an important role …

Purpose: To determine the effect of smoking on tear stability and ocular surface of the
cornea among students aged between 19 and 25 years. This study also aimed to find a …

Aim: To compare the outcomes of non-invasive break-up time (NI-BUT) test and the other
conventional dry eye tests. Methods: The right eyes of 170 subjects were included in the …