Reproduction involves a wide range of biological processes, including organ formation and
development, neuroendocrine regulation, hormone production, and meiosis and mitosis …

BACKGROUND It has long been thought that the factors affecting embryo and foetal
development were exclusively maternally derived; hence, if issues regarding fertility and …

BACKGROUND Infertility and pregnancy loss are longstanding problems. Successful
fertilization and high-quality embryos are prerequisites for an ongoing pregnancy. Studies …

Infertility affects approximately 15% of the couples wanting to conceive. In 30− 40% of the
cases the aetiology of male infertility remains unknown and is called idiopathic male …

Mammalian fertilization is a fascinating process that leads to the formation of a new
individual. Eggs and sperm are complex cells that must meet at the appropriate time and …

Infertility, defined by the inability of conceiving a child after 1 year is estimated to concern
approximately 50 million couples worldwide. As the male gamete is readily accessible and …

Activation of the egg by the sperm is the first, vital stage of embryogenesis. The sperm
protein PLCζ has been proposed as the physiological agent that triggers the Ca2+ …

Abstract Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase Cs (PLCs) are expressed in all
mammalian cells and play critical roles in signal transduction. To obtain a comprehensive …

BACKGROUND Total fertilization failure (TFF) is the failure of all metaphase II oocytes to
fertilize in ART cycles. The phenomenon represents a known cause of infertility, affecting 1 …

In mammals, the sperm activates the development of the egg by triggering a series of
oscillations in the cytosolic-free Ca 2+ concentration (Ca 2+ i). The sperm triggers these …