Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly associated with vitamin K deficiency. Some of
the serious complications of CKD are represented by cardiovascular disease (CVD) and …

Although defined by the presence of airflow obstruction and respiratory symptoms, patients
with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterized by multimorbidity …

Background: Patients with CKD are at an increased risk of developing vascular calcification
(VC) and bone complications which translate into a higher morbidity and mortality. The …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by pulmonary vascular
remodeling. Since dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated Matrix Gla-Protein (dp-ucMGP) is …

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients face an elevated risk of cardiovascular
disease (CVD), even when classic cardiovascular risk factors are considered. Plasma …

High circulating dephosphorylated (dp) uncarboxylated (uc) matrix Gla protein (MGP) and uc
osteocalcin (OC) concentrations are regarded as markers of vitamin K-deficiency. However …

Background Heart Failure (HF) is a widespread condition that affects millions of people, and
it is caused by issues with the heart and blood vessels. Even though we know hypertension …

Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury leads mainly to acute kidney injury. Leucine-rich
alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG) is upregulated in kidney tissues of mice after renal I/R injury …

Background Vascular calcification is strongly related to the risk of mortality and
cardiovascular (CV) diseases. In vascular calcification, matrix Gla protein (MGP), a small …

To the Editor—Dofferhoff et al [1] recently hypothesized that enhanced thrombogenicity
related to low vitamin K status is implicated in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), linking …