OBJECTIVE.: The strong and weak principles of change state that progress from the
precontemplation to the action stage of change is associated with a one standard deviation …

Aims. To develop and test the validity of a questionnaire measuring the confidence of current
and former smokers in their ability to abstain from smoking in high‐risk situations. Design …

This paper discusses challenges in utilizing findings and constructs from different (health
behavior) theories. There is a multitude of theories that can be used, but the question is what …

The transtheoretical model (TTM) offers an integrative framework for understanding and
intervening with human intentional behavior change. There are 3 organizing constructs of …

Not everyone who experiments with substance use or risky behavior becomes addicted, and
many who are addicted have been able to recover. This authoritative book, now revised and …

Background: The International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey (ITC-4) is a
prospective cohort study designed to evaluate the psychosocial and behavioural impact of …

The stages of change proposed by Prochaska and DiClemente have been applied to
change efforts within and outside of formal treatment and in relation to virtually any problem …

Objective To evaluate the impact of telling patients their estimated spirometric lung age as
an incentive to quit smoking. Design Randomised controlled trial. Setting Five general …

Cross-sectional studies integrating motivational stages with expectancy value models have
suggested that contemplating smokers perceive more advantages of quitting and social …

The most common criteria recommended by philosophers of science for evaluating theories
were organised within a hierarchy ranging from the least to the most risky tests for theories of …