This is the fifth in the series of reviews developed as part of the Biomarkers of Nutrition for
Development (BOND) program. The BOND Iron Expert Panel (I-EP) reviewed the extant …

Background Multiple‐micronutrient (MMN) deficiencies often coexist among women of
reproductive age in low‐and middle‐income countries. They are exacerbated in pregnancy …

Background Quantification of the disease burden caused by different risks informs
prevention by providing an account of health loss different to that provided by a disease-by …

Almost two billion people are deficient in key vitamins and minerals, mostly women and
children in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Deficiencies worsen during …

Objectives To summarise evidence on the associations of maternal anaemia and prenatal
iron use with maternal haematological and adverse pregnancy outcomes; and to evaluate …

Background Iron and folic acid supplementation has been the preferred intervention to
improve iron stores and prevent anaemia among pregnant women, and it is thought to …

Maternal and child malnutrition in low-income and middle-income countries encompasses
both undernutrition and a growing problem with overweight and obesity. Low body-mass …

Background Low-and middle-income countries continue to experience a large burden of
stunting; 148 million children were estimated to be stunted, around 30–40% of all children in …

Background It has been reported that neural tube defects (NTD) can be prevented with
periconceptional folic acid supplementation. The effects of different doses, forms and …

Despite worldwide economic and scientific development, more than a quarter of the world's
population remains anemic, and about half of this burden is a result of iron deficiency …