Several immune-related molecules in penaeid shrimps have been discovered, most of these
via the analysis of expressed sequence tag libraries, microarray studies and proteomic …

It is a difficult task to describe what constitutes a 'healthy'shellfish (eg, crustacean, bivalve).
Visible defects such as discolouration, missing limbs or spines, fouling, lesions, and …

In the practical farming of Litopenaeus vannamei, the intensive culture system and
environmental pollution usually results in a high concentration of ammonia, which usually …

This study conducted a 30-day feeding trial and a subsequent 20-day anti-virus infection trial
to determine the effects of probiotic Bacillus PC465 on the growth, health status, and …

Lectins are important pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and their immunological action is
related to the recognition of glycans present in the pathogen cells surface. The lectins …

C-type lectins (CTLs) play crucial roles in innate immune responses in invertebrates by
recognizing and eliminating microinvaders. In this study, a CTL from pacific white shrimp …

C-type lectins are a large group of the pattern-recognition proteins, and have been reported
to be involved in invertebrate innate immunity, such as cell adhesion, bacterial clearance …

Background The Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, is a worldwide cultured
crustacean species with important commercial value. Over the last two decades, Taura …

As pattern recognition receptors, C-type lectins (CTLs) play important roles in immune
system of crustaceans through identifying and binding to the conservative pathogen …

C-type lectins are a large family of Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate binding proteins which
play crucial roles to recognize and eliminate pathogens in innate immunity. In the present …