Impurity doping is a promising method to impart new properties to various materials. Due to
their unique optical, magnetic, and electrical properties, rare-earth ions have been …

In vivo imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm), which enables
us to look deeply into living subjects, is producing marvelous opportunities for biomedical …

Fluorescent nanothermometers can probe changes in local temperature in living cells and in
vivo and reveal fundamental insights into biological properties. This field has attracted …

Transition metal (TM) ion activated phosphors are increasingly being used as probes for
luminescence thermometry. Their luminescence is characterized by strong absorption and …

Noninvasive lanthanide‐doped optical thermometers based on fluorescent intensity ratio
(FIR) technique have emerged as promising noncontact tools for detecting the inaccessible …

Luminescence nanothermometry enables accurate, remote, and all-optically-based thermal
sensing. Notwithstanding its fast development, there are serious obstacles hindering …

The development of π-conjugated polymers has provided a gateway to a variety of new
functional organic materials reminiscent of inorganic semiconductors. Nanoparticles based …

The development of lanthanide-doped non-contact luminescent nanothermometers with
accuracy, efficiency and fast diagnostic tools attributed to their versatility, stability and narrow …

Photo–triggered therapeutic modalities for cancer have attracted enormous attention in
recent years due to the easily focused and tuned properties of irradiation light that enable …

Among luminescent nanostructures actively investigated in the last couple of decades, rare
earth (RE3+) doped nanoparticles (RENPs) are some of the most reported family of …