Over the past few decades, flexible sensors have been developed from the “electronic” level
to the “iontronic” level, and gradually to the “ionic” level. Ionic flexible sensors (IFS) are one …

As one of the most outstanding materials, the analysis of the structure and function of
hydrogels has been extensively carried out to tailor and adapt them to various fields of …

Recent years have witnessed the explosive development of highly sensitive smart sensors
based on conductive polymer foam materials. However, the design and development of …

Hydrogel‐based wearable electronic devices have received increasing attention. However,
the construction of underwater strain sensors remains a significant challenge because of the …

Natural living systems such as wood frogs develop tissues composed of active hydrogels
with cryoprotectants to survive in cold environments. Recently, hydrogels have been …

Recent advances in nanolithography, miniaturization, and material science, along with
developments in wearable electronics, are pushing the frontiers of sensor technology into …

Ionically-conductive and stretchable hydrogels are ideally suited for the synthesis of flexible
electronic devices. However, conventional hydrogels undergo dehydration at ambient …

Wearable and implantable bioelectronics are receiving a great deal of attention because
they offer huge promise in personalized healthcare. Currently available bioelectronics …

Natural biopolymer-based conductive hydrogels, which combine inherent renewable,
nontoxic features, biocompatibility and biodegradability of biopolymers, and excellent …

Skin-like electronics are developing rapidly to realize a variety of applications such as
wearable sensing and soft robotics. Hydrogels, as soft biomaterials, have been studied …