Glycoconjugates are major constituents of mammalian cells that are formed via covalent
conjugation of carbohydrates to other biomolecules like proteins and lipids and often …

HIV employs multiple means to evade the humoral immune response, particularly the
elicitation of and recognition by broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). Such antibodies …

Here we have generated 3D structures of glycoforms of the spike (S) glycoprotein from
SARS-CoV-2, based on reported 3D structures and glycomics data for the protein produced …

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope (Env) spike, comprising three
gp120 and three gp41 subunits, is a conformational machine that facilitates HIV-1 entry by …

HIV-1 vaccine development has been stymied by an inability to induce broadly reactive
neutralizing antibodies to the envelope (Env) trimer, the sole viral antigen on the virion …

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization for children under 5
years of age. We sought to engineer a viral antigen that provides greater protection than …

The most significant advance in the medical management of HIV-1 infection has been the
treatment of patients with antiviral drugs, which can suppress HIV-1 replication to …

Antibodies serve as critical barriers to viral infection. Humoral immunity to a virus is achieved
through the dual role of antibodies in communicating the presence of invading pathogens in …

HIV-1 entry into CD4+ target cells is mediated by cleaved envelope glycoprotein (Env)
trimers that have been challenging to characterize structurally. Here, we describe the crystal …

Cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are found in the sera of many HIV-1–infected
individuals, but the virologic basis of their neutralization remains poorly understood. We …