The pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass enhances the conversion efficiency to produce
biofuels and value-added chemicals, which have the potential to replace fossil fuels …

Lignocellulosic feedstock materials are the most abundant renewable bioresource material
available on earth. It is primarily composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which are …

The bio-based economy requires a sustainable utilization of bioresources for production of a
range of products, including pulp, paper, chemicals, biofuel and bioplastics. Currently …

Highlights•Polysaccharides are cross-linked in the plant cell walls with the hydrophobic
network of lignin.•Lignin physically impedes enzymatic deconstruction in biomass …

Jet turbine fuels have not been completely replaced by biomass-derived fuels due, in part, to
the lack of the aromatic and cycloalkane hydrocarbons in bio-jet fuels. Such molecules play …

Globally, the fossil fuel reserves are depleting rapidly and the escalating fuel prices as well
as plethora of the pollutants released from the emission of burning fossil fuels cause global …

Nowadays, the application of ultrasound (US) energy for assisting the lignocellulosic
biomass and waste materials conversion into value-added products has dramatically …

Cellulose is the most abundant natural biopolymer that can be extracted directly from plants
using various treatments (alkalis, acids, ultrasonic or enzymatic treatments) or produced by …

Global energy demand is increased with the rapidly growing population; and it is fulfilled by
fossil fuels. However, it also contributes to the greenhouse gas effect in the environment. In …

Population increase and industrialization has resulted in high energy demand and
consumptions, and presently, fossil fuels are the major source of staple energy, supplying …