The world has been suffering from COVID-19 disease for more than a year, and it still has a
high mortality rate. In addition to the need to minimize transmission of the virus through non …

Human diseases, particularly infectious diseases and cancers, pose unprecedented
challenges to public health security and the global economy. The development and …

Viral vectors are promising tools for gene therapy and vaccines. Viral vector-based vaccines
can enhance immunogenicity without an adjuvant and induce a robust cytotoxic T …

Abstract Safety tested Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is licensed as third-generation
vaccine against smallpox and serves as a potent vector system for development of new …

Background The prevalence of vaccine side effects plays an important role in public
perception about vaccination programs. This study was designed to investigate the side …

In December 1983, a seminal paper appeared on the overexpression of human IFN-β in
insect cells with a genetically engineered baculovirus. The finding that baculoviruses …

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals.
The disease was initially described in the 16th century and was the first animal pathogen …

Established for 20 years as the definitive virology reference, the two-volume classic Fields
Virology is in its thoroughly revised, updated Fifth Edition. More than 100 world-renowned …

The concept of viral vector-based vaccine was introduced in 1972 by Jackson et al and in
1982 Moss et al introduced the use of vaccinia virus as a transient gene expression vector …

The threat of the current coronavirus disease pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is accelerating the development of potential …