Soon after the discovery of the Myc gene (c-Myc), it became clear that Myc expression levels
tightly correlate to cell proliferation. The entry in cell cycle of quiescent cells upon Myc …

Protein-tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are important regulators of intracellular signal-transduction
pathways mediating development and multicellular communication in metazoans. Their …

The programmed cell death that occurs as part of normal mammalian development was first
observed nearly a century ago (Collin 1906). It has since been established that …

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is probably the most extensively studied human
malignancy. The discovery of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome in 19601 as the first …

In the past decade clinical and laboratory studies have led to important new insights into the
biology of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Basic science has defined the molecular …

Protein kinase B or Akt (PKB/Akt) is a serine/threonine kinase, which in mammals comprises
three highly homologous members known as PKBα (Akt1), PKBβ (Akt2), and PKBγ (Akt3) …

Most cancers have many chromosomal abnormalities, both in number and in structure,
whereas some show only a single aberration. In the era before molecular biology, cancer …

A cell needs to overcome a number of failsafe mechanisms in order to become cancerous
(Hahn and Weinberg, 2002). The cell must evade apoptosis and senescence programs to …

Abstract AKT/PKB (protein kinase B) kinases mediate signaling pathways downstream of
activated tyrosine kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. AKT kinases regulate diverse …

Rapamycin, a macrocyclic lactone, is a highly specific inhibitor of the serine/threonine
protein kinase target of rapamycin (TOR). Although it is clear that TOR controls initiation of …