A bilevel programming model represents the relationship in a specific decision process that
involves decisions within a hierarchical structure of two levels. The upper-level problem is …

Abstract Internet-of-Things (IoT) has gained quick popularity with the evolution of
technologies such as big data analytics, block-chain, artificial intelligence, machine learning …

In recent years, swarm intelligence algorithms have received extensive attention and
research. Swarm intelligence algorithms are a biological heuristic method, which is widely …

Benchmarking is a cornerstone in the analysis and development of computational methods,
especially in the field of evolutionary computation, where theoretical analysis of the …

Multi-threshold image segmentation (MIS) is now a well known image segmentation
technique, and many researchers have applied intelligent algorithms to it, but these methods …

This paper proposes a new method for encryption of RGB color images by combining two
encryption approaches: the spatial approach and the transformation approach. The …

Evolutionary algorithms have been shown to be very effective in solving complex
optimization problems. This has driven the research community in the development of novel …

The chef-based optimization algorithm (CBOA) is a human-based method inspired by the
relationship between culinary students and chef instructors. The original CBOA does not …

This paper proposes a new meta-heuristic called Jumping Spider Optimization Algorithm
(JSOA), inspired by Arachnida Salticidae hunting habits. The proposed algorithm mimics the …

The COVID-19 influenza emerged and proved to be fatal, causing millions of deaths
worldwide. Vaccines were eventually discovered, effectively preventing the severe …