Of all electrons, runaway electrons have long been recognized in the fusion community as a
distinctive population. They now attract special attention as a part of ITER mission …

Disruptions are a major operational concern for next generation tokamaks, including ITER.
They may generate excessive heat loads on plasma facing components, large …

The plasma current in ITER cannot be allowed to transfer from thermal to relativistic electron
carriers. The potential for damage is too great. Before the final design is chosen for the …

This work provides a systematic description of electron kinetics during impurity dominated
thermal quenches. A Fokker–Planck equation for the hot electrons and a power balance …

We present the first successful simulation of an induced disruption in ASDEX Upgrade from
massive material injection (MMI) up to established runaway electron (RE) beam, thus …

Large-angle Coulomb collisions lead to an avalanching generation of runaway electrons in
a plasma. We present the first fully conservative large-angle collision operator, derived from …

Novel measurements and modeling of runaway electron (RE) dynamics in DIII-D have
resolved experimental discrepancies and validated predictions for ITER, improving …

The runaway electron (RE) distributions driven by a large toroidal electric field induced by
the drop in the temperature profile due to disruption or pellets are comprehensively …

Subcritical energetic electrons (SEEs) produced by the runaway electron (RE) avalanche
source at energies below the runaway threshold are found to be the primary contributor to …

This overview covers recent developments in the theory of runaway electrons in tokamaks.
Its main purpose is to outline the intuitive basis for first-principle advancements in runaway …