Our understanding of Earth's rock-hosted subsurface biosphere has advanced over the past
two decades through the collection and analysis of fluids and rocks from aquifers within the …

The presence and distribution of preserved organic matter on the surface of Mars can
provide key information about the Martian carbon cycle and the potential of the planet to host …

Robotic spacecraft enable exploration of our Solar System beyond our human presence.
Although spacecraft have explored every planet in the Solar System, the frontiers of space …

A major objective of the Mars 2020 mission is to sample rocks in Jezero crater that may
preserve organic matter for later return to Earth. Using an ultraviolet Raman and …

Perseverance explored two geological units on the floor of Jezero Crater over the first 420
Martian days of the Mars2020 mission. These units, the Máaz and Séítah formations, are …

Séítah is the stratigraphically lowest formation visited by Perseverance in the Jezero crater
floor. We present the data obtained by SuperCam: texture by imagery, chemistry by Laser …

The Perseverance rover has collected seven oriented samples of sedimentary rocks, all
likely older than the oldest signs of widespread life on Earth, at the exposed base of the …

Abstract The Mars 2020 Perseverance rover has explored fluvio‐lacustrine sedimentary
rocks within Jezero crater. Prior work showed that igneous crater floor Séítah and Máaz …

Sulfur plays a major role in martian geochemistry and sulfate minerals are important
repositories of water. However, their hydration states on Mars are poorly constrained …

Martian soils are critically important for understanding the history of Mars, past potentially
habitable environments, returned samples, and future human exploration. This study …