Geographic information systems (GIS) are being used with increasing frequency in
environmental epidemiology studies. Reported applications include locating the study …

The widespread availability of powerful geocoding tools in commercial GIS software and the
interest in spatial analysis at the individual level have made address geocoding a widely …

Natural history museums store millions of specimens of geological, biological, and cultural
entities. Data related to these objects are in increasing demand for investigations of …

Background Public health applications using geographic information system (GIS)
technology are steadily increasing. Many of these rely on the ability to locate where people …

This article presents a survey of the state of the art in geocoding practices through a cross-
disciplinary historical review of existing literature. We explore the evolving concept of …

Spatial epidemiology is increasingly being used to assess health risks associated with
environmental hazards. Risk patterns tend to have both a temporal and a spatial component; …

Researchers are increasingly interested in understanding how food environments influence
eating behavior and weight-related health outcomes. Little is known about the dose …

Purpose Uncertainty is not always well captured, understood, or modeled properly, and can
bias the robustness of complex relationships, such as the association between the …

There is now widespread agreement that geographic identifiers (geocodes) should be
assigned to cancer records, but little agreement on their form and how they should be …

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are ubiquitous in the environment. We
hypothesized that early life exposure to PAHs may have particular importance in the etiology …