Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) exists in three established isoforms. NOS I (NOS1, ncNOS) was
originally discovered in neurons. This enzyme and splice variants thereof have since been …

Recent immunoelectron microscopic studies have revealed a low frequency of synaptic
membrane differentiations on ACh (ChAT-immunostained) axon terminals (boutons or …

The medial septum, diagonal bands, ventral pallidum, substantia innominata, globus
pallidus, and internal capsule contain a heterogeneous population of neurons, including …

Nitric oxide was identified as a biological intercellular messenger just over 20 years ago,
and its presence and potential importance in the nervous system was immediately noted …

This review describes the role of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) in various functions,
including sleep-wake mechanisms, arousal, locomotion and in several pathological …

The concept that memory loss in ageing might be attributable to deficiencies in cholinergic
function was first proposed two decades ago. This proposal gained additional definition …

The identification of nitric oxide (NO) as a gaseous, nonconventional neurotransmitter in the
central nervous system has led to an explosion of studies aimed at learning about the roles …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the cholinergic modulation of the cortical
microvascular bed. Cortical microvessels receive a cholinergic input that originates primarily …

The major populations of cholinergic neurons in the brain include two “projection” systems,
located in the pontine reticular formation and in the basal forebrain. These two complexes …

The thalamic relay nuclei play a pivotal role in gating and processing sensory information en
route to the cerebral cortex. The major ascending sensory afferents and the descending …