Histidine, a versatile proteinogenic amino acid, plays a broad range of roles in all living
organisms and behaves as a key mediator of the interactions of biomolecules with inorganic …

Oxygenic photosynthesis forms the basis of aerobic life on earth by converting light energy
into biologically useful chemical energy and by splitting water to generate molecular oxygen …

Life on earth is almost entirely solar-powered. We can get some idea of the enormous
quantity of energy received from the sun by noting that during daylight hours, the sun …

Energy is the most important issue of the 21st century. About 85% of our energy comes from
fossil fuels, a finite resource unevenly distributed beneath the Earth's surface. Reserves of …

▪ Abstract The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas offers a simple life cycle, easy
isolation of mutants, and a growing array of tools and techniques for molecular genetic …

Plants and cyanobacteria produce atmospheric dioxygen from water, powered by sunlight
and catalyzed by a manganese complex in photosystem II. A classic S-cycle model for …

Electron transfer (ET) reactions are fundamental steps in biological redox processes.
Respiration is a case in point: at least 15 ET reactions are required to take reducing …

Proton-coupled electron transfers (PCETs) are unconventional redox processes in which
both protons and electrons are exchanged, often in a concerted elementary step. While …

Photosynthetic water oxidation proceeds at a pentanuclear Mn4Ca complex bound to amino
acid residues in the interior of photosystem II (PSII). It involves the binding of two water …

Water oxidation is a key half reaction in energy conversion schemes based on solar fuels
and targets such as light driven water splitting or carbon dioxide reduction into CO, other …