Soil salinization is an essential environmental stressor, threating agricultural yield and
ecological security worldwide. Saline soils accumulate excessive soluble salts which are …

Cell walls are essential for plant growth and development, providing support and protection
from external environments. Callose is a glucan that accumulates in specialized cell wall …

The increasing pace of global warming and climate instability will challenge the
management of pests and diseases of cultivated plants. Several reports have shown that …

In this glossary of plant cell structures, we asked experts to summarize a present-day view of
plant organelles and structures, including a discussion of outstanding questions. In the …

Sphingolipids are fundamental lipids involved in various cellular, developmental and stress‐
response processes. As such, they orchestrate not only vital molecular mechanisms of living …

During multicellularization, plants evolved unique cell-cell connections, the plasmodesmata
(PD). PD of angiosperms are complex cellular domains, embedded in the cell wall and …

Once regarded as mere membrane building blocks, lipids are now recognized as diverse
and intricate players that mold the functions, identities, and responses of cellular …

Sphingolipids are essential membrane components involved in a wide range of cellular,
developmental and signaling processes. Sphingolipids are so essential that knock-out …

Plants perceive an assortment of external cues during their life cycle, including abiotic and
biotic stressors. Biotic stress from a variety of pathogens, including viruses, oomycetes …

Plasmodesmata (PD) play a critical role in symplasmic communication, coordinating plant
activities related to growth & development, and environmental stress responses. Most …