The aquatic habitat of marine “air-breathing” vertebrates provides a significant
thermoregulatory challenge due to the high thermal conductivity of water. In addition to …

The idea that increasing physical activity directly adds to TEE in humans (additive model)
has been challenged by the energy constrained hypothesis (constrained model). This model …

Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is localized on the inner mitochondrial membrane and
generates heat by uncoupling ATP synthesis from proton transit across the inner membrane …

Cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), first pioneered in 1988 by O'Keefe and Deacon, 1
has evolved into a newgeneration, precision spectroscopy in recent years and subsequently …

Field metabolic rate (FMR) is key to understanding individual and population-level
responses to environmental changes, but is challenging to measure in field conditions …

Background Fasting during the month of Ramadan entails abstinence from eating and
drinking between dawn and sunset and a major shift in meal times and patterns with …

Sports nutrition is a relatively new discipline; with~ 100 published papers/year in the 1990s
to~ 3,500+ papers/year today. Historically, sports nutrition research was primarily initiated by …

High air temperatures have measurable negative impacts on reproduction in wild animal
populations, including during incubation in birds. Understanding the mechanisms driving …

Metabolic rate is a key ecological variable that quantifies the energy expenditure needed to
fuel almost all biological processes in an organism. Metabolic rates are typically measured …

While considerable evidence exists that extreme climate events such as high temperatures
and drought are becoming more common, there is growing recognition that we have limited …