Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small and non-enveloped deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
virus that infected mucosal cells. This viral genome is composed of early and late genes …

ABSTRACT HPV can trigger cancer cases in the laryngeal, lung, oral, and anogenital.
Classification of HPV based on the ability to trigger cancer, HPV is divided into two types …

SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans also causes cytokine storm and can lead to patient death,
this condition occurs due to the excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines by immune …

Immune response that occurs when a pathogen such as a virus, fungus, bacteria, &
protozoa. Red color due to swelling is a characteristic of inflammation, this condition can …

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a virus that plays an important role in the occurrence of
cervical cancer. The HPV gene is composed of two parts: early and late gene. The L1 …

Background: An immunoinformatic approach may be useful to investigate the conserved
region in the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS …

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from the retrovirus family can trigger
opportunistic diseases of the immune system or AIDS. In these conditions the immune …

Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites because they can infect cells and hijack the gene
expression process in host cells for the replication of viral genetic material. The mechanism …

Reverse vaccinology (RV) is a promising alternative to traditional vaccinology. RV focuses
on in silico methods to identify antigens or potential vaccine candidates (PVCs) from a …

The rise and fall of the COVID-19 wave continue to be watched because the right antiviral
drug has not yet been found. Remdesivir is an antiviral drug that is much sought after …