Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogamous lipid bilayer-enclosed membranous
structures secreted by cells. They are comprised of apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and …

Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are among the most difficult to treat, mainly
because the vast majority of the drugs fail to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or to reach …

Recently, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have attracted attention due to their emergent use for
COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines. The success of LNPs can be attributed to ionizable lipids, which …

Supramolecular self‐assembly in biological systems holds promise to convert and amplify
disease‐specific signals to physical or mechanical signals that can direct cell fate. However …

The cell membrane serves as a barrier against the free entry of foreign substances into the
cell. Limited by factors such as solubility and targeting, it is difficult for some drugs to pass …

Gene editing technologies (GETs) could induce gene knockdown or gene knockout for
biomedical applications. The clinical success of gene silence by RNAi therapies pays …

Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor, whose malignancy is
closely correlated with elevated proto-oncogene c-myc. Intranasal administration emerges …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is the most
common cause of dementia. The pathogenesis of AD still remains unclear, including two …

Improving the stability of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract and their penetration ability in the
mucosal layer by implementing a nanoparticle delivery strategy is currently a research focus …

Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIONs) have been investigated
for biomedical applications, including novel contrast agents, magnetic tracers for tumor …