Bile acids participate in the intestinal emulsion, digestion, and absorption of lipids and fat-
soluble vitamins. When present in high concentrations, as in cholestatic liver diseases, bile …

Since the initial development of the exposome concept, much effort has been devoted to the
characterisation of the exposome through analytical, epidemiological, and toxicological …

The epidermis forms a barrier that defends the body from desiccation and entry of harmful
substances, while also sensing and integrating environmental signals. The tightly …

Induction of intestinal drug metabolizing enzymes can complicate the development of new
drugs, owing to the potential to cause drug-drug interactions (DDIs) leading to changes in …

The adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette efflux transporter G2 (ABCG2) was
originally discovered in a multidrug-resistant breast cancer cell line. Studies in the past have …

Chronic cholestatic liver diseases, such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary
sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), are associated with bile stasis and gradually progress to …

The pregnane X receptor (PXR) mediates the resistance of sorafenib in hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC) by promoting the clearance or elimination of sorafenib via the drug …

The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) is among the Arctic species exposed to the highest
concentrations of long-range transported bioaccumulative contaminants, such as …

Pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR, NR1I3) are
members of the nuclear receptor superfamily that mainly act as ligand-activated transcription …

Abstract Pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) is a prototypical member of the nuclear receptor
superfamily. PXR can be activated by both endobiotics and xenobiotics. As a key xenobiotic …