Despite the wealth of epidemiological and experimental studies indicating the protective role
of regular physical activity/exercise training against the sequels of aging and cardiovascular …

A popular belief is that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS)
produced during exercise by the mitochondria and other subcellular compartments …

Background Few specific medications have been proven effective for the treatment of
patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we tested whether high …

Skeletal muscle has recently been identified as an endocrine organ. It has, therefore, been
suggested that cytokines and other peptides that are produced, expressed, and released by …

Diabetes has emerged as an epidemic of the 21st century, and retinopathy remains the
leading cause of blindness in young adults and the mechanism of this blinding disease …

Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of blindness among working age adults.
Although a number of metabolic abnormalities have been associated with its development …

It is now recognized that contracting skeletal muscle may synthesize and release interleukin-
6 (IL-6) into the interstitium as well as into the systemic circulation in response to a bout of …

Adequate intakes of vitamins and trace elements are required for the immune system to
function efficiently. Micronutrient deficiency suppresses immune functions by affecting the …

Oxygen metabolism is essential for sustaining aerobic life, and normal cellular homeostasis
works on a fine balance between the formation and elimination of reactive oxygen species …

Flavonoids are a large class of naturally occurring compounds widely present in fruits,
vegetables and beverages derived from plants. These molecules have been reported to …