The mammalian ionotropic glutamate receptor family encodes 18 gene products that
coassemble to form ligand-gated ion channels containing an agonist recognition site, a …

At synapses throughout the brain and spinal cord, the amino-acid glutamate is the major
excitatory neurotransmitter. During evolution, a family of glutamate-receptor ion channels …

Abstract N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are Hebbian-like coincidence detectors,
requiring binding of glycine and glutamate in combination with the relief of voltage …

Ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate most excitatory neurotransmission in the central
nervous system and function by opening a transmembrane ion channel upon binding of …

Glutamate receptor ion channels mediate excitatory responses at the majority of CNS
synapses. They are the only ligand-gated ion channels for which multiple high-resolution …

INTRODUCTION Neuronal communication at excitatory synapses in the brain involves
release of the neurotransmitter l-glutamate from the presynapse of one cell and its detection …

The canonical conformational states occupied by most ligand-gated ion channels, and many
cell-surface receptors, are the resting, activated, and desensitized states. While the resting …

Fast excitatory neurotransmission is mediated by AMPA-subtype ionotropic glutamate
receptors (AMPARs). AMPARs, localized at post-synaptic densities, are regulated by …

X-ray crystal structures for the soluble amino-terminal and ligand-binding domains of
glutamate receptor ion channels, combined with a 3.6-Å-resolution structure of the full-length …

Since the discovery of the major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters and their
receptors in the brain, many have deliberated over their likely structures and how these may …