Preclinical studies coupled with clinical pharmacologic and neuroimaging investigations
have advanced our understanding of brain circuits that modulate pain. Descending pain …

Neuropathic pain can develop after nerve injury, when deleterious changes occur in injured
neurons and along nociceptive and descending modulatory pathways in the central nervous …

The locus coeruleus noradrenergic (LC-NE) system is one of the first systems engaged
following a stressful event. While numerous groups have demonstrated that LC-NE neurons …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Changes in gut microbiota have been reported to alter signaling
mechanisms, emotional behavior, and visceral nociceptive reflexes in rodents. However …

Although a number of the diabetic neuropathies may result in painful symptomatology, this
review focuses on the most common: chronic sensorimotor distal symmetrical …

Cancer pain, especially pain caused by metastasis to bone, is a severe type of pain, and
unless the cause and consequences can be resolved, the pain will become chronic. As …

A large number of pharmacological studies have used capsaicin as a tool to activate many
physiological systems, with an emphasis on pain research but also including functions such …

Many pain states begin with damage to tissue and/or nerves in the periphery, leading to
enhanced transmitter release within the spinal cord and central sensitization. Manifestations …

Chronic pain, a frequently neglected problem, is treated with different classes of drugs.
Current agents are limited by incomplete efficacy and dose-limiting side-effects. Knowledge …

Background Patients with neuropathic pain present with various pain-related sensory
abnormalities. These sensory features form different patterns or mosaics—the sensory …