Energy from renewable resources is central to environmental sustainability. Among the
renewables, sunlight-driven fuel synthesis is a sustainable and economical approach to …

Recent advances in synthetic biology and materials science have given rise to a new form of
materials, namely engineered living materials (ELMs), which are composed of living matter …

Extensive research efforts have been dedicated to describing degradation of wood, which is
a complex process; hence, microorganisms have evolved different enzymatic and non …

Lignin is an abundant biopolymer with a high carbon content and high aromaticity. Despite
its potential as a raw material for the fuel and chemical industries, lignin remains the most …

Marine macroalgae are considered as promising sustainable alternatives to conventional
terrestrial animal feed resources. The advantages include high growth rate, potential …

Phenylpropanoids are a large class of plant secondary metabolites derived from aromatic
amino acids phenylalanine in most plants or tyrosine in partial monocots. It mainly includes …

On the basis of its generally accessible I/II redox couple and bioavailability, copper plays a
wide variety of roles in nature that mostly involve electron transfer (ET), O 2 binding …

Background Lignin is a polyphenolic polymer that strengthens and waterproofs the cell wall
of specialized plant cell types. Lignification is part of the normal differentiation programme …

Salicylic acid (SA) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound. SA plays an important role in
the regulation of plant growth, development, ripening, and defense responses. The role of …

The evolutionary features and molecular innovations that enabled plants to first colonize
land are not well understood. Here, insights are provided through our report of the genome …